Showing 24 results for Synthesis
Hamed Nadimi, Hossein Sarpoolaky, Mansour Soltanieh,
Volume 20, Issue 4 (12-2023)
Abstract
In the present investigation, an attempt was made to evaluate the dissolution behavior of Ti in molten KCl-LiCl. The X-ray diffraction (XRD) pattern of heated Ti plate at 800 oC for 4 h without carbon black in molten salt revealed that TiCl3 formation was feasible. For more assurance, Ti plate was heated at 950 oC for 4 h in the presence of carbon black to identify synthesized TiC. Transmission electron microscope (TEM) and scanning electron microscope (SEM) images from precursors and the final product showed that nano-crystalline TiC formation from coarse Ti particles was almost impossible without Ti dissolution. Thermodynamics calculations using Factsage software proved that it was possible to form various TiClx compounds. The TiC formation mechanism can be discussed in two possible ways: a reaction between Ti ion and carbon black for synthesizing TiC (direct) and a reaction between TiCl4 and carbon black led to indirect TiC synthesis. Elemental mapping using energy dispersive X-ray spectroscope (EDS) indicated that up to 815 oC, chlorine existed in the map.
Farah Hanani Zulkifli, Hamid Hazrulrizawati , Fathima Shahitha Jahir Hussain, Nur Fatini Ilyana Mohamat Johari,
Volume 21, Issue 2 (6-2024)
Abstract
Researchers are increasingly focusing on green synthesis methods for silver nanoparticles due to their cost-effectiveness and reduced environmental impact. In this study, we utilized an edible bird's nest (EBN), a valuable economic resource, as the primary material for synthesizing silver nanoparticles using only water as the solvent. Metabolite profiling of the EBN extract was conducted using LC-QTOF-MS in positive mode (ESI+), revealing the presence of lipids, glycosides, peptides, polysaccharides, and disaccharides. Upon the addition of silver nitrate to the aqueous EBN extract, noticeable color changes from transparent to brown indicated the successful formation of AgNPs. Subsequent characterization of these silver nanoparticles involved UV-Visible spectroscopy, which revealed an absorption peak at 421 nm. Further characterization was carried out using FESEM, ATR-FTIR spectroscopy, and EDX analysis. The involvement of phenolic agents, proteins, and amino acids in reducing the silver particles was confirmed. The synthesized nanoparticles exhibited a spherical shape, and a particle size ranging from 10 to 20 nm. The presence of elemental silver was confirmed by a strong, intense peak around 3 keV in the EDX spectrum. To assess their potential, the antibacterial properties of the silver nanoparticles against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus were evaluated using the agar diffusion method.
Murugesan Suganya, Chembian Kayathiri, Rajavelu Balu, Gandhiraj Vinitha, Zion Delci, Saravanan Chitra Devi, Kaliyamoorthy Devendran, Mathiyalagan Sriramraj,
Volume 21, Issue 4 (12-2024)
Abstract
Perovskite materials are widely studied for their super-conducting, magnetic, catalytic and electro-optic properties. Among them, barium stannate (BaSnO3), finds applications in dielectric and optically active devices, thermally stable capacitors, humidity and gas sensors. In this study, BaSnO3 was synthesized by chemical and greener methods and comparative analyses has been performed on their electrochemical, third order nonlinear, dye deactivation and bacterial suppression properties. Decreased crystallite size was realized for the green synthesized BaSnO3. Energy band gaps were 3.23 and 3.04 eV for BaSnO3 synthesized by normal and greener approach, respectively. The extract mediated sample exhibited increased specific capacitance value. Photocatalytic degradation efficiencies were 78.4% and 89.7%, respectively for BaSnO3 synthesized by normal and greener approach against methyl violet after 90 min of UV light irradiation. Enhanced nonlinear optical parameters were obtained for the extract mediated BaSnO3. Excellent antibacterial efficacy against Proteus vulgaris bacteria was realized for the greener BaSnO3 NPs thanks to the domination of phytochemicals of M. olifera leaf extract.
Muayad Raheem Hussein, Sabah Hasan Jumaah, Ali N. Majees,
Volume 23, Issue 1 (3-2026)
Abstract
In the current study, titanium dioxide (TiO₂) nanoparticles were synthesized and subsequently combined with chitosan (CS) and silver (Ag) to augment their antimicrobial effectiveness. The synthesized TiO₂, TiO₂-CS, and TiO₂-CS-Ag nanocomposites were subjected to various characterization analyses in order to thoroughly assess their structural, morphological, and compositional attributes. XRD analysis substantiated the phase transition from anatase to rutile consequent to incorporation of chitosan and silver, accompanied by a diminution in nanoparticle dimensions. FTIR spectra corroborated the existence of functional groups linked to chitosan and silver, while FESEM illustrated morphological modifications, notably the emergence of polygonal nanostructures within the TiO₂-CS-Ag composite. The antibacterial efficacy of the synthesized nanocomposites was evaluated against Escherichia coli (E. coli) and Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus). Although pure TiO₂ demonstrated minimal antibacterial properties, the TiO₂-CS and TiO₂-CS-Ag composites exhibited substantial inhibition zones, with the most pronounced efficacy recorded for the TiO₂-CS-Ag composite attributable to the synergistic interaction between chitosan and silver nanoparticles. BET analysis revealed that the augmented antimicrobial activity was associated with the increased surface area of the TiO₂-CS-Ag nanocomposite.
